Younger and Older Workers Drive Shift in Workers’ Comp Claims Mix, WCRI Finds

Injuries among workers aged 20 to 24 and over 65 climbed between 2019 and 2024 as pandemic-era shifts partially reversed, per the Workers Compensation Research Institute.
By: | October 12, 2026
Topics: Claims | News | Workers' Comp
Warehouse Workers Moving Palletized Boxes

Workers’ compensation claims are increasingly concentrated among the youngest and oldest segments of the workforce, according to a report from the Workers Compensation Research Institute (WCRI).

The study, which examined claims composition across 31 states from 2019 through 2024, found that workers aged 20 to 24 and those 65 and older accounted for 15% of all work-related injuries in 2019, rising to 17% by 2024. The increase among workers 65 and older was particularly notable, with their share of injuries growing by 1 percentage point, a 25% relative rise over the period.

Meanwhile, the combined share of injuries among workers aged 45 to 64 fell from 38.2% in 2019 to 35.5% in 2024. WCRI’s analysis, based on nearly 4 million non-COVID-19 claims from the 2022-2024 period, also found that five industries — trade, manufacturing, transportation and utilities, other services, and health care — accounted for nearly 75% of all work injuries.

Industry and Tenure Patterns Shifted During the Pandemic, Then Partially Reversed

The pandemic reshaped which industries accounted for the largest shares of injuries, WCRI found, though some of those shifts began reversing by 2024.

During the 2019-2022 pandemic period, transportation and utilities, trade, and agriculture gained injury share, increasing by 1.6, 1.1 and 0.8 percentage points, respectively. Over the full 2019-2024 period, these three industries still held higher injury shares than before the pandemic, with transportation and utilities up 1.57 percentage points, trade up 1.07 percentage points, and agriculture up 0.78 percentage points, even after giving back some of those pandemic-era gains during the 2022-2024 recovery. Health care, clerical and professional jobs, other services, and restaurants all saw injury shares decline during the pandemic years before partially recovering between 2022 and 2024, though none returned to pre-pandemic levels.

Job tenure trends followed a similar arc. More than half of all injuries, 54%, occurred within workers’ first two years on the job during 2022-2024, and 39% occurred in the first year alone, WCRI found.

The share of injuries among workers with less than one year of tenure rose sharply during the pandemic but began reversing by 2022. During the 2022-2024 recovery period, injury shares among workers with less than a year of tenure fell by at least 3 percentage points annually in trade, manufacturing, restaurants, agriculture, and transportation and utilities, while declining more modestly in clerical and professional jobs, other services, and health care. Construction, mining, and public safety, sectors considered essential during pandemic lockdowns, saw little change throughout the period, the report said.

Construction and Older Workers Carry the Highest Costs

While trade, manufacturing, and other services generated the most claims by volume, WCRI found that construction and mining consistently produced the highest per-claim costs. For claims with more than seven days of lost time, average medical payments at 12 months reached $22,752 in construction and $23,855 in mining, far above the $13,312 average across all industries. WCRI attributed much of this gap to gender composition, noting that more than 90% of construction and mining injuries involved male workers, who had medical and indemnity costs per claim over 30% higher than female workers across the board.

Costs also rose steadily with age and tenure, the report found. Medical payments per claim at 24 months climbed from $2,072 for workers aged 16 to 19 to $9,111 for those 65 and older. WCRI noted that older workers “experience more comorbidities and other age-related issues that can prolong recovery times and require more costly medical treatments.”

Among injury types, lower extremity fractures carried the highest average medical payments, reaching $25,088 at 12 months for claims with more than seven days of lost time, while neurologic spine pain injuries produced the highest indemnity benefits, at $19,393 for the same group. The report also found that the most common injury type, non-spine sprains and strains, grew from 24% to 26% of all claims between 2019 and 2024, a trend observed consistently across industries.

Obtain the full report here. &

The R&I Editorial Team can be reached at [email protected].

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