Education Sector’s Legal Awards and Settlements Soar to Record Highs: United Educators
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The education sector is grappling with unprecedented financial pressures as legal settlements and damage awards soar, with 54 major cases exceeding $2.5 million each in 2024 alone, according to a new report from United Educators (UE).
The report, “Large Loss Report 2025” reveals how social inflation has dramatically escalated both the frequency and magnitude of large losses at educational institutions over the past six years, signaling a troubling trend for K-12 schools and higher education institutions alike.
The landscape of frequency and severity of damage awards and settlements in education has undergone a substantial shift in recent years. The report noted that 2024 saw 118 settlements and damage awards that exceeded $250,000 in the education space, with 25 that were $10 million or greater. This is up from 2023, which reported 111 settlements and damage awards, with only 14 reporting sums of $10 million or greater, according to UE.
What was once considered a significant financial burden is now a mere fraction of today’s astronomical settlements, UE observed. Thirty years ago, six-figure settlements were deemed “large” losses for educational institutions. Fast forward to 2021, and that threshold had skyrocketed to $500,000. The upward trajectory continued, with the bar rising to $1 million in 2023. Now, the benchmark for a “large loss” has reached $2.5 million.
This dramatic escalation in claims is blamed on social inflation, or as some label it, legal system abuse. According to the report, several factors are fueling this trend in the education sector:
- Institutional mistrust: Public confidence in higher education has plummeted, with Gallup polling showing a drop from 57% in 2015 to a mere 36% in 2023.
- Increased attorney advertising: More lawyers are actively seeking plaintiffs, potentially leading to a higher volume of lawsuits.
- Third-party litigation financing: This practice allows external investors to fund lawsuits in exchange for a portion of the settlement, potentially prolonging litigation and increasing costs.
- Legislative risk: New laws, such as those allowing adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse to file civil claims beyond the statute of limitations, have opened the floodgates for historical cases involving schools.
Major Categories of Legal Claims
Sexual misconduct cases continue to represent a significant portion of these large losses at K-12 and higher-ed institutions, accounting for roughly 30% of all claims costs in recent years. Of the 54 settlements or awards exceeding $2.5 million in 2024, 25 involved sexual misconduct, with approximately 20 of those cases relating to alleged incidents that occurred a decade or more in the past, the report found.
While sexual misconduct claims remain a significant concern, other prominent categories of claims include discrimination, Title IX violations, and breach of contract. Additionally, accidents and injuries on school grounds, as well as antitrust violations, round out the list of major legal issues confronting schools and universities, UE found.
Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has left a lasting impact on the education sector, with several institutions facing legal challenges related to their handling of the crisis. Seven prominent universities, including Penn State, Temple, and Johns Hopkins, have agreed to pay settlements ranging from $5 million to $17 million to resolve allegations of overcharging students during the shift to remote learning in 2020, per the report.
Access the full report from United Educators here. &